Exam 3 路 Mon Nov 23
Exam 3 study guide, Lectures 23 and 24 (sections A to C)
The 2025 Exam 3 outline answered from Lectures 23 and 24: overview of metabolism, energetics and energy carriers. Sections D to M are filled as new lectures arrive.
Exam 2 路 done Oct 28
Exam 2 study guide, essay version (text page, newest)
The guide you study from, as plain text: each section answered in connected sentences, with each section linked to its textbook chapter. Quickest to read and search, and the page the AI helper reads first.
Exam 2 study guide, essay version (PDF)
The same essay version as a printable PDF.
Exam 2 study guide, Lectures 15 to 22 (all in one)
His outline answered from his slides in short lines: bold key numbers, a red trap line per section, plain meanings after hard words and his figures and tables.
Lecture 15: Flagella and Motility
Size and shapes, flagella parts and assembly order, the six motility types, chemotaxis, motility tests.
Lecture 16: Pili, External Structures and Envelope Styles
Pili types and assembly, stalks and nanotubes, the five envelope styles, glycocalyx, S-layer.
Lecture 17: Envelope Layers (outer membrane, wall, periplasm, membrane)
Outer membrane and LPS, peptidoglycan Gram positive vs Gram negative, pseudopeptidoglycan, teichoic and mycolic acids, periplasm, membrane lipids.
Lecture 18: Transport, Peptidoglycan Synthesis and Antibiotics
Transport types and proteins, synthesis steps 1 to 9, the six drugs, resistance, MIC and Kirby-Bauer, FtsZ. Blanks answered from his complete notes.
Lecture 19: Internal Structures, Cytoplasm and Ribosomes
Types of internal structures, cytoplasm vs cytosol, Table 3.1, crowding and diffusion reduced 10 fold, 70S vs 80S ribosomes, inhibitors of translation. Blanks answered from his complete notes.
Lecture 20: Internal Structures and Cell Division
Cytoskeleton (FtsZ, MreB, crescentin), nucleoid packing and loops, membrane compartments, inclusions and granules, endospores, types and steps of cell division, E. coli vs Bacillus vs Staphylococcus. Blanks answered from his complete notes.
Lecture 21: Cell Polarity, Division Proteins and Envelope Review
Cell polarity (Caulobacter, TipN, old and new poles), division proteins (fts mutants, FtsZ ring, FtsA, ZipA, PBP3, Min proteins), and a review of the envelope layers and the cell wall antibiotics. Blanks answered from his complete notes.
Lecture 22: Viruses and Atypical Bacteria
Virus size and shape, components (core and covering, which are in all viruses), naked vs enveloped, classification and Baltimore Groups I to VII, steps of multiplication, the synthesis stage and the source of each enzyme, outcomes of infection, Rickettsia, Chlamydia, endosymbionts, giant viruses. Blanks answered from his filled slides.
Exam 2 acronyms, by lecture
Every Exam 2 acronym, each lecture on its own pages, look-alikes grouped in families with a trap line, short lines, plain meanings.
Exam 1 路 done Oct 5
Exam 1 study guide (FILLED v4 color)
His Exam 1 outline answered from Lectures 2 to 14, with Fall 2024 and Fall 2025 key boxes.